INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
Optimizing Energy Efficiency in Multi-Core Processors: A Comparative Study of Hardware Technique
Mustafa Mohammmed Jassim
Alnoor University, https://alnoor.edu.iq/
Nineveh 41012, Iraq
E-mail: mustafa30@alnoor.edu.iq
Elaf Sabah Abbas
Al Mansour University College, https://muc.edu.iq/
Baghdad 10067, Iraq
E-mail: elaf.abbas@muc.edu.iq
Zaki Saeed Tawfeeq Zaki
Al Hikma University College, https://hiuc.edu.iq/
Baghdad 10015, Iraq
E-mail: zeki.saeed@hiuc.edu.iq
Sadeer Dheyaa Abdulameer
Cihan University Sulaimaniya, https://sulicihan.edu.krd/
Sulaymaniyah City 46001, Kurdistan, Iraq
E-mail: sadeer.dheyaa@sulicihan.edu.krd
Maha Barakat
Al-Turath University, https://uoturath.edu.iq/
Baghdad 10013, Iraq
E-mail: maha.sami@uoturath.edu.iq
Received May 22, 2024,peer-reviewed May 29, 2024, accepted June 05, 2024, published September 17, 2024.
Abstract: Background: The constant increase in processing demand has prompted the development of multi-core processors, which are critical to obtaining high performance in a variety of computing devices. However, this growth in processing capacity comes at the expense of increased energy consumption, posing substantial problems for energy efficiency. Objective: The article will examine and compare several hardware solutions for improving energy efficiency in multi-core processors, offering a full overview of their effectiveness and application. Methods: We used a quantitative research methodology, simulating multi-core processing environments with various hardware optimization techniques such as Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling (DVFS), Clock Gating, and Power Gating. Each technique was evaluated in a variety of operational circumstances to establish its effect on energy consumption and processing efficiency. Results: The findings show that DVFS provides significant energy savings with negligible performance trade-offs in cases with moderate workloads. In contrast, Clock Gating performed best in low workload settings, whereas Power Gating performed best in high-load conditions, dramatically reducing idle power consumption. Conclusion: The comparison research demonstrates that no single technique beats all others; rather, the choice of an effective energy efficiency strategy is significantly influenced by unique workload factors. A hybrid strategy, which combines both techniques depending on real-time workload demands, can greatly improve the energy efficiency of multi-core processors. This study advances our understanding of energy management in advanced computing systems, providing insights for future research and practical applications in the field of energy-efficient computing.
Keywords: energy efficiency, multi-core processors, dynamic voltage and frequency scaling, clock gating, predictive scheduling, hybrid techniques, thermal management, processor utilization, performance optimization, sustainable computing
UDC 004.31, 621.3.049.771, 612.374.33, 519.6
RENSIT, 2024, 16(6):813-826e
DOI: 10.17725/j.rensit.2024.16.813
Full-text electronic version of this article - web site http://en.rensit.ru/vypuski/article/604/16(6)813-826e.pdf