Vol. 13, no.3, 2021
РусскийEnglish
MEDICAL PHYSICS
Physiological aspects of visual information perception of the oculomotor apparatus
Vladimir I. Grachev, Vladimir V. Kolesov, Viktor I. Ryabenkov
Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences, http://www.cplire.ru/
Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
E-mail: grachev@cplire.ru, kolesov@cplire.ru, ryabenkov@mail.ru
Galina Ya. Menshikova
Lomonosov Moscow State University, http://www.psy.msu.ru/
Moscow 125009, Russian Federation
E-mail: menshikova@psy.msu.ru
Received Sept. 06.2021, peer-reviewed Sept. 13.2021, accepted Sept. 20.2021
Abstract: The individual characteristics of the human visual apparatus are associated with the anatomical and psychophysiological parameters of his body. Based on the EyeTracking technology, the physiological aspects of the perception of visual information by the oculomotor apparatus, which are not associated with active cognitive activity, have been investigated. The individual features in the size of fixation when reading text and examining halftone graphic objects in various people have been investigated. The time durations of fixations in different people, associated with the process of accommodation, as well as the internal structure of fixations, were investigated. It is shown that the trajectory of the gaze shift in fixation has an internal heterogeneous structure. The total trajectory of eye movement in the fixation area is determined by a set of successive clusters. This fixation structure is apparently associated with the processes of restoration of the photosensitivity of rhodopsin in the photoreceptors of the retina. All the above studies of the fixations of various subjects on the basis of various images showed that the oculomotor system, taking into account the physiological characteristics of the visual apparatus, is equally controlled by the "video processor" of the brain when the eye is accommodated to the image elements. And the only objective individual feature of human vision, which uniquely characterizes the perception of graphic information, is the value of the average displacement in fixation. It is she who is the "visiting card" of the subject and remains practically unchanged both when reading and when examining halftone images and in test validation with forced fixation of the gaze.
Keywords: oculomotor reactions (oculomotorics), technology of eye-tracking, fixation, saccades, reading text, perception of graphics, individual characteristics of the visual apparatus
UDC 004.932.2; 159.931
RENSIT, 2021, 13(3):389-402 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2021.13.389.
Full-text electronic version of this article - web site http://en.rensit.ru/vypuski/article/399/13(3)389-402e.pdf