Vol. 10, no.2, 2018
РусскийEnglish
RADIOELECTRONICS
NOISE RADAR OF MILLIMETER RANGE
Vladimir V. Kolesov, Evgeny A. Myasin
Kotelnikov Institute of Radioengineering and Electronics of RAS, http://www.cplire.ru
Moscow 125009, Russian Federationn
kvv@cplire.ru, eam168@ms.ire.rssi.ru
Received 10.09.2018
Abstract. Practically all modern users of radar systems require an increase in the number and quality of information obtained from the observed space. Multifunctionality and efficiency of modern radar systems can be provided by the development and application of effective broadband technologies, unconventional digital algorithms and new adaptive applied solutions for the problem of processing signals and images in order to identify and recognize various classes of low-contrast objects. In the work on the basis of the IMPATT noise generator, a noise radar model working in the 8-mm range and having a frequency spectrum of the noise signal frequency up to 1 GHz was developed and investigated. The layout of the model includes an IMPATT noise generator module based on a one-diode circuit operating in an 8-millimeter wavelength range with an integrated output power of 40 mW and a non-uniform spectral characteristic of about 6 dB. Receiving and transmitting modules include antennas, waveguide elements: matching elements, impedance matcher, directional couplers, detector heads and attenuators. The computerized control unit provided program-algorithmic support of operating modes and double spectral processing of the signal. An experimental study of the noise radar model in the laboratory demonstrated a high resolution over a range of 15 cm (with an effective bandwidth of 800-900 MHz). The noise immunity of a radio engineering channel model based on a spread-spectrum signal was experimentally investigated. The maximum noise immunity for a radio channel with spreading was determined by the signal-to-noise ratio at the receiver input, at which signal restoration becomes impossible for a given averaging time. In the noise immunity experiment, two types of interference were used: sinusoidal interference, close in frequency to the transmitted signal, and broadband interference matched to the transmitted signal by the spectrum. The results of experiments showed that for both types of interference, the maximum noise immunity is ~25 dB. Thus, ultra-wideband radar technologies based on noise signals are characterized by good electromagnetic compatibility, can be effectively used in the compilation of a radar portrait of an object, as well as in monitoring, positioning and control systems operating under conditions of intense interference.
Keywords: ultra-wideband technologies, complex signals, noise signals, radar, noise generator, millimeter range, dual spectral processing, noise immunity, resolution, electromagnetic compatibility
UDC 621.391
RENSIT, 2018, 10(2):235-256 DOI: 10.17725/rensit.2018.10.235
Full-text electronic version of this article - web site http://en.rensit.ru/vypuski/article/259/10(2)235-256e.pdf